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[PATCH net 02/14] netfilter: nf_conncount: prevent connlimit drops for early confirmed ct

From: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
Date: 2026-06-23 22:15:57
Also in: netfilter-devel
Subsystem: netfilter, networking [general], the rest · Maintainers: Pablo Neira Ayuso, Florian Westphal, "David S. Miller", Eric Dumazet, Jakub Kicinski, Paolo Abeni, Linus Torvalds 

From: Fernando Fernandez Mancera <redacted>

Commit 69894e5b4c5e ("netfilter: nft_connlimit: update the count if add
was skipped") introduced a regression where packets for valid
connections are dropped when using connlimit for soft-limiting
scenarios.

The issue occurs when a new connection reuses a socket currently in
the TIME_WAIT state. In this scenario, the connection tracking entry
is evaluated as already confirmed. Previously, __nf_conncount_add()
assumed that if a connection was confirmed and did not originate from
the loopback interface, it should skip the addition and return -EEXIST.

Skipping the addition triggers a garbage collection run that cleans up
the TIME_WAIT connection. Consequently, the active connection count
drops to 0, which xt_connlimit mishandles, leading to the false rejection
of the perfectly valid new connection.

Fix this by replacing the interface check with protocol-agnostic state
checks. We now skip the tree insertion and preserve the lockless garbage
collection optimization only if the connection is IPS_ASSURED. This
allows early-confirmed setup packets (such as reused TIME_WAIT sockets
or locally generated SYN-ACKs) to be properly evaluated and counted
without falsely dropping. The goto check_connections path is maintained
to ensure these setup packets are deduplicated correctly.

This has been tested with slowhttptest and HTTP server configured
locally to ensure we are not breaking soft-limiting scenarios for local
or external connections. In addition, it was tested with a OVS zone
limit too.

Fixes: 69894e5b4c5e ("netfilter: nft_connlimit: update the count if add was skipped")
Reported-by: Alejandro Olivan Alvarez <redacted>
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/netfilter-devel/177349610461.3071718.4083978280323144323@eldamar.lan/ (local)
Signed-off-by: Fernando Fernandez Mancera <redacted>
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
---
 net/netfilter/nf_conncount.c | 11 +++++------
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_conncount.c b/net/netfilter/nf_conncount.c
index dd67004a5cc0..91582069f6d2 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_conncount.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_conncount.c
@@ -183,17 +183,16 @@ static int __nf_conncount_add(struct net *net,
 		return -ENOENT;
 
 	if (ct && nf_ct_is_confirmed(ct)) {
-		/* local connections are confirmed in postrouting so confirmation
-		 * might have happened before hitting connlimit
+		/* Connection is confirmed but might still be in the setup phase.
+		 * Only skip the tracking if it is fully assured. This guarantees
+		 * that setup packets or retransmissions are properly counted and
+		 * deduplicated.
 		 */
-		if (skb->skb_iif != LOOPBACK_IFINDEX) {
+		if (test_bit(IPS_ASSURED_BIT, &ct->status)) {
 			err = -EEXIST;
 			goto out_put;
 		}
 
-		/* this is likely a local connection, skip optimization to avoid
-		 * adding duplicates from a 'packet train'
-		 */
 		goto check_connections;
 	}
 
-- 
2.47.3
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