On Wed, Apr 21, 2021 at 09:52:40AM +0800, Yunsheng Lin wrote:

On 2021/4/21 4:34, Michal Kubecek wrote:

quoted

However, I noticed something disturbing in the results of a simple
1-thread TCP_STREAM test (client sends data through a TCP connection to
server using long writes, we measure the amount of data received by the
server):

  server: 172.17.1.1, port 12543
  iterations: 20, threads: 1, test length: 30
  test: TCP_STREAM, message size: 1048576
  
  1     927403548.4 B/s,  avg   927403548.4 B/s, mdev           0.0 B/s (  0.0%)
  2    1176317172.1 B/s,  avg  1051860360.2 B/s, mdev   124456811.8 B/s ( 11.8%), confid. +/-  1581348251.3 B/s (150.3%)
  3     927335837.8 B/s,  avg  1010352186.1 B/s, mdev   117354970.3 B/s ( 11.6%), confid. +/-   357073677.2 B/s ( 35.3%)
  4    1176728045.1 B/s,  avg  1051946150.8 B/s, mdev   124576544.7 B/s ( 11.8%), confid. +/-   228863127.8 B/s ( 21.8%)
  5    1176788216.3 B/s,  avg  1076914563.9 B/s, mdev   122102985.3 B/s ( 11.3%), confid. +/-   169478943.5 B/s ( 15.7%)
  6    1158167055.1 B/s,  avg  1090456645.8 B/s, mdev   115504209.5 B/s ( 10.6%), confid. +/-   132805140.8 B/s ( 12.2%)
  7    1176243474.4 B/s,  avg  1102711907.0 B/s, mdev   111069717.1 B/s ( 10.1%), confid. +/-   110956822.2 B/s ( 10.1%)
  8    1176771142.8 B/s,  avg  1111969311.5 B/s, mdev   106744173.5 B/s (  9.6%), confid. +/-    95417120.0 B/s (  8.6%)
  9    1176206364.6 B/s,  avg  1119106761.8 B/s, mdev   102644185.2 B/s (  9.2%), confid. +/-    83685200.5 B/s (  7.5%)
  10   1175888409.4 B/s,  avg  1124784926.6 B/s, mdev    98855550.5 B/s (  8.8%), confid. +/-    74537085.1 B/s (  6.6%)
  11   1176541407.6 B/s,  avg  1129490061.2 B/s, mdev    95422224.8 B/s (  8.4%), confid. +/-    67230249.7 B/s (  6.0%)
  12    934185352.8 B/s,  avg  1113214668.9 B/s, mdev   106114984.5 B/s (  9.5%), confid. +/-    70420712.5 B/s (  6.3%)
  13   1176550558.1 B/s,  avg  1118086660.3 B/s, mdev   103339448.9 B/s (  9.2%), confid. +/-    65002902.4 B/s (  5.8%)
  14   1176521808.8 B/s,  avg  1122260599.5 B/s, mdev   100711151.3 B/s (  9.0%), confid. +/-    60333655.0 B/s (  5.4%)
  15   1176744840.8 B/s,  avg  1125892882.3 B/s, mdev    98240838.2 B/s (  8.7%), confid. +/-    56319052.3 B/s (  5.0%)
  16   1176593778.5 B/s,  avg  1129061688.3 B/s, mdev    95909740.8 B/s (  8.5%), confid. +/-    52771633.5 B/s (  4.7%)
  17   1176583967.4 B/s,  avg  1131857116.5 B/s, mdev    93715582.2 B/s (  8.3%), confid. +/-    49669258.6 B/s (  4.4%)
  18   1176853301.8 B/s,  avg  1134356904.5 B/s, mdev    91656530.2 B/s (  8.1%), confid. +/-    46905244.8 B/s (  4.1%)
  19   1176592845.7 B/s,  avg  1136579848.8 B/s, mdev    89709043.8 B/s (  7.9%), confid. +/-    44424855.9 B/s (  3.9%)
  20   1176608117.3 B/s,  avg  1138581262.2 B/s, mdev    87871692.6 B/s (  7.7%), confid. +/-    42193098.5 B/s (  3.7%)
  all                     avg  1138581262.2 B/s, mdev    87871692.6 B/s (  7.7%), confid. +/-    42193098.5 B/s (  3.7%)

Each line shows result of one 30 second long test and average, mean
deviation and 99% confidence interval half width through the iterations
so far. While 17 iteration results are essentially the wire speed minus
TCP overhead, iterations 1, 3 and 12 are more than 20% lower. As results
of the same test on unpatched 5.12-rc7 are much more consistent (the
lowest iteration result through the whole test was 1175939718.3 and the
mean deviation only 276889.1 B/s), it doesn't seeem to be just a random
fluctuation.

I think I need to relearn the statistial math to understand the above
"99% confidence interval half width ":)

An easy way to understand it is that if the last column shows 42 MB/s,
it means that with 99% confidence (probability), the measured average
is within 42 MB/s off the actual one.

But the problem do not seems related too much with "99% confidence
interval half width ", but with "mean deviation"?

Mean deviation is a symptom here. What worries me is that most results
show the same value (corresponding to fully saturated line) with very
little variation, in some iterations (1, 3 and 12 here) we can suddenly
see much lower value (by ~2.5 GB/s, i.e. 20-25%). And as each iteration
runs the connection for 30 seconds, it cannot be just some short glitch.

I managed to get tcpdump captures yesterday but they are huge even with
"-s 128" (client ~5.6 GB, server ~9.0 GB) so that working with them is
rather slow so I did not find anything interesting yet.

I tried using netperf, which seems only show throughput of 9415.06
(10^6bits/sec) using 10G netdev. which tool did you used to show the
above number?

9415.06 * 10^6 b/s is 1176.9 * 10^6 B/s so it's about the same as the
numbers above (the good ones, that is). As this was part of a longer
test trying different thread counts from 1 to 128, I was using another
utility I started writing recently:

  https://github.com/mkubecek/nperf

It is still raw and a lot of features are missing but it can be already
used for multithreaded TCP_STREAM and TCP_RR tests. In particular, the
output above was with

  nperf -H 172.17.1.1 -l 30 -i 20 --exact -t TCP_STREAM -M 1

The results are with 1 thread so that they should be also reproducible
with netperf too. But it needs to be repeated enough times, when
I wanted to get the packet captures, I did 40 iterations and only two of
them showed lower result.

Michal