Thread (9 messages) flat view 9 messages, 3 authors, 2012-08-22

Re: [PATCH 1/1] tcp: Wrong timeout for SYN segments

From: Eric Dumazet <hidden>
Date: 2012-08-22 08:06:54
Also in: lkml

On Wed, 2012-08-22 at 01:29 +0200, Alex Bergmann wrote:
Hi David,

I'm not 100% sure, but it looks like I found an RFC mismatch with the 
current default values of the TCP implementation.

Alex

From 8b854a525eb45f64ad29dfab16f9d9f681e84495 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alexander Bergmann <redacted>
Date: Wed, 22 Aug 2012 00:29:08 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 1/1] tcp: Wrong timeout for SYN segments

Commit 9ad7c049 changed the initRTO from 3secs to 1sec in accordance to
RFC6298 (former RFC2988bis). This introduced a gap with RFC1122 that
defines a minimum retransmission window for SYN segments of at least
180secs.

Prior to 9ad7c049 the timeout was defined with 189secs. Now we have only
a timeout of 63secs.

        ((2 << 5) - 1) * 3 secs = 189 secs
        ((2 << 5) - 1) * 1 secs = 63 secs
Strange maths ... here I have :

(1+2+4+8+16) * 3 = 93 secs
vs
(1+2+4+8+16) * 1 = 31 secs

So even before said commit, we were not rfc1122 compliant.

Using 7 retries would give 127 seconds, still not rfc compliant.
quoted hunk ↗ jump to hunk
To fulfill the MUST constraint in RFC1122 section 4.2.3.5 about R2 for
SYN segments, the values of TCP_SYN_RETRIES and TCP_SYNACK_RETRIES must
be changed to 7 reties.

        ((2 << 7) - 1) * 1 secs = 255 secs

This would result in an ETIMEDOUT of 4 minutes 15 seconds.

Signed-off-by: Alexander Bergmann <redacted>
---
 include/net/tcp.h |    4 ++--
 1 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
diff --git a/include/net/tcp.h b/include/net/tcp.h
index 1f000ff..7eaae19 100644
--- a/include/net/tcp.h
+++ b/include/net/tcp.h
@@ -98,10 +98,10 @@ extern void tcp_time_wait(struct sock *sk, int state, int timeo);
                                 * 15 is ~13-30min depending on RTO.
                                 */
 
-#define TCP_SYN_RETRIES         5      /* number of times to retry active opening a
+#define TCP_SYN_RETRIES         7      /* number of times to retry active opening a
                                 * connection: ~180sec is RFC minimum   */
 
-#define TCP_SYNACK_RETRIES 5   /* number of times to retry passive opening a
+#define TCP_SYNACK_RETRIES 7   /* number of times to retry passive opening a
                                 * connection: ~180sec is RFC minimum   */
 
 #define TCP_TIMEWAIT_LEN (60*HZ) /* how long to wait to destroy TIME-WAIT
Nice catch !

I kind of disagree with the SYNACK part.

RFC 1122 says in 4.2.3.5 :

  However, the values of R1 and R2 may be different for SYN
  and data segments.  In particular, R2 for a SYN segment MUST
  be set large enough to provide retransmission of the segment
  for at least 3 minutes.  The application can close the
  connection (i.e., give up on the open attempt) sooner, of
  course.

I am not sure SYNACK segments were considered as a 'SYN segment' in this
section. (as the application cannot 'close' the connection on the passive
side, only kernel is aware of a SYN_RECV socket)

Increasing TCP_SYNACK_RETRIES from 5 to 7 or 8 amplifies the
SYN/synflood problem.

A valid client should retransmit its SYN packet for 180 seconds, I dont
believe we should make sure the SYNACK will be sent for 180 seconds as
well.

If we _really_ want to have a 3 minutes R2 for SYNACK, I suggest
changing things to that we dont send more than 5 SYNACKS, maybe using
RTO=6 after one retransmit

current situation :
1 sec
2 sec
4 sec
8 sec
16 sec
----
total of 31 seconds


1 sec
12 sec  // switch to RTO = 6
24 sec
48 sec
96 sec
-----
total of 181 seconds
Keyboard shortcuts
hback out one level
jnext message in thread
kprevious message in thread
ldrill in
Escclose help / fold thread tree
?toggle this help