In message [ref],Mitchell Blank Jr writes:
That should be the case at least for any VCC on a real interface[*].
...
[*] some protocols use psuedo-interfaces for their control connections - in
theory I guess they could be different but I don't believe there are
any cases where they are. They wouldn't affect this issue anyways though.
afaict all vcc's are open/closed from user space including any control
vccs (often labelled ATM_VF_META). this is a bit of a sore point with
some people who want to open atm sockets in the kernel. if i remember
correctly the atm api explicitly states that you can sleep in atm_dev->close()
so it must be a user context.