Thread (13 messages) 13 messages, 2 authors, 2014-12-09

Re: On RAID5 read error during syncing - array .A.A

From: Emery Guevremont <hidden>
Date: 2014-12-09 12:00:01

You're right! I just changed it to sdd3 sdb3 sdc3 missing and fsck -n
/dev/md0 detected everything said it was clean.

Thanks a lot. I will backup my important files and write back a quick
summary of what we did to fix this situation.

On Tue, Dec 9, 2014 at 4:01 AM, Robin Hill [off-list ref] wrote:
On Tue Dec 09, 2014 at 12:35:14AM -0500, Emery Guevremont wrote:
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On Mon, Dec 8, 2014 at 4:48 AM, Robin Hill [off-list ref] wrote:
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On Sat Dec 06, 2014 at 03:49:10PM -0500, Emery Guevremont wrote:
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On Sat Dec 06, 2014 at 01:35:50pm -0500, Emery Guevremont wrote:
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The long story and what I've done.

/dev/md0 is assembled with 4 drives
/dev/sda3
/dev/sdb3
/dev/sdc3
/dev/sdd3

2 weeks ago, mdadm marked /dev/sda3 as failed. cat /proc/mdstat showed
_UUU. smarctl also confirmed that the drive was dying. So I shutdown
the server and until I received a replacement drive.

This week, I replaced the dying drive with my new drive. Booted into
single user mode and did this:

mdadm --manage /dev/md0 --add /dev/sda3  a cat of /proc/mdstat
confirmed the resyncing process. The last time I checked it was up to
11%. After a few minutes later, I noticed that the syncing stopped. A
read error message on /dev/sdd3 (have a pic of it if interested)
appear on the console. It appears that /dev/sdd3 might be going bad. A
cat /proc/mdstat showed _U_U. Now I panic, and decide to leave
everything as is and to go to bed.

The next day, I shutdown the server and reboot with a live usb distro
(Ubuntu rescue remix). After booting into the live distro, a cat
/proc/mdstat showed that my /dev/md0 was detected but all drives had
an (S) next to it. i.e. /dev/sda3 (S)... Naturally I don't like the
looks of this.

I ran ddrescue to copy /dev/sdd onto my new replacement disk
(/dev/sda). Everything, worked, ddrescue got only one read error, but
was eventually able to read the bad sector on a retry. I followed up
by also cloning with ddrescue, sdb and sdc.

So now I have cloned copies of sdb, sdc and sdd to work with.
Currently running mdadm --assemble --scan, will activate my array, but
all drives are added as spares. Running mdadm --examine on each
drives, shows the same Array UUID number, but the Raid Devices is 0
and raid level is -unknown- for some reason. The rest seems fine and
makes sense. I believe I could re-assemble my array if I could define
the raid level and raid devices.

I wanted to know if there are a way to restore my superblocks from the
examine command I ran at the beginning? If not, what mdadm create
command should I run? Also please let me know if drive ordering is
important, and how I can determine this with the examine output I'll
got?

Thank you.
You'll see from the examine output, raid level and devices aren't
defined and notice the role of each drives. The examine output (I
attached 4 files) that I took right after the read error during the
synching process seems to show a more accurate superblock. Here's also
the output of mdadm --detail /dev/md0 that I took when I got the first
error:

ARRAY /dev/md/0 metadata=1.2 UUID=cf9db8fa:0c2bb553:46865912:704cceae
name=runts:0
   spares=1


Here's the output of how things currently are:

mdadm --assemble --force /dev/md127 /dev/sdb3 /dev/sdc3 /dev/sdd3
mdadm: /dev/md127 assembled from 0 drives and 3 spares - not enough to
start the array.

dmesg
[27903.423895] md: md127 stopped.
[27903.434327] md: bind<sdc3>
[27903.434767] md: bind<sdd3>
[27903.434963] md: bind<sdb3>

cat /proc/mdstat
root@ubuntu:~# cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [linear] [multipath] [raid0]
[raid1] [raid10]
md127 : inactive sdb3[4](S) sdd3[0](S) sdc3[5](S)
      5858387208 blocks super 1.2

mdadm --examine /dev/sd[bcd]3
/dev/sdb3:
          Magic : a92b4efc
        Version : 1.2
    Feature Map : 0x0
     Array UUID : cf9db8fa:0c2bb553:46865912:704cceae
           Name : runts:0
  Creation Time : Tue Jul 26 03:27:39 2011
     Raid Level : -unknown-
   Raid Devices : 0

 Avail Dev Size : 3905591472 (1862.33 GiB 1999.66 GB)
    Data Offset : 2048 sectors
   Super Offset : 8 sectors
          State : active
    Device UUID : b2bf0462:e0722254:0e233a72:aa5df4da

    Update Time : Sat Dec  6 12:46:40 2014
       Checksum : 5e8cfc9a - correct
         Events : 1


   Device Role : spare
   Array State :  ('A' == active, '.' == missing)
/dev/sdc3:
          Magic : a92b4efc
        Version : 1.2
    Feature Map : 0x0
     Array UUID : cf9db8fa:0c2bb553:46865912:704cceae
           Name : runts:0
  Creation Time : Tue Jul 26 03:27:39 2011
     Raid Level : -unknown-
   Raid Devices : 0

 Avail Dev Size : 3905591472 (1862.33 GiB 1999.66 GB)
    Data Offset : 2048 sectors
   Super Offset : 8 sectors
          State : active
    Device UUID : 390bd4a2:07a28c01:528ed41e:a9d0fcf0

    Update Time : Sat Dec  6 12:46:40 2014
       Checksum : f69518c - correct
         Events : 1


   Device Role : spare
   Array State :  ('A' == active, '.' == missing)
/dev/sdd3:
          Magic : a92b4efc
        Version : 1.2
    Feature Map : 0x0
     Array UUID : cf9db8fa:0c2bb553:46865912:704cceae
           Name : runts:0
  Creation Time : Tue Jul 26 03:27:39 2011
     Raid Level : -unknown-
   Raid Devices : 0

 Avail Dev Size : 3905591472 (1862.33 GiB 1999.66 GB)
    Data Offset : 2048 sectors
   Super Offset : 8 sectors
          State : active
    Device UUID : 92589cc2:9d5ed86c:1467efc2:2e6b7f09

    Update Time : Sat Dec  6 12:46:40 2014
       Checksum : 571ad2bd - correct
         Events : 1


   Device Role : spare
   Array State :  ('A' == active, '.' == missing)

and finally kernel and mdadm versions:

uname -a
Linux ubuntu 3.2.0-23-generic #36-Ubuntu SMP Tue Apr 10 20:41:14 UTC
2012 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux

mdadm -V
mdadm - v3.2.3 - 23rd December 2011
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/dev/sda3:
          Magic : a92b4efc
        Version : 1.2
    Feature Map : 0x0
     Array UUID : cf9db8fa:0c2bb553:46865912:704cceae
           Name : runts:0  (local to host runts)
  Creation Time : Mon Jul 25 23:27:39 2011
     Raid Level : raid5
   Raid Devices : 4

 Avail Dev Size : 3905591472 (1862.33 GiB 1999.66 GB)
     Array Size : 5858385408 (5586.99 GiB 5998.99 GB)
  Used Dev Size : 3905590272 (1862.33 GiB 1999.66 GB)
    Data Offset : 2048 sectors
   Super Offset : 8 sectors
          State : clean
    Device UUID : b2bf0462:e0722254:0e233a72:aa5df4da

    Update Time : Tue Dec  2 23:15:37 2014
       Checksum : 5ed5b898 - correct
         Events : 3925676

         Layout : left-symmetric
     Chunk Size : 512K

   Device Role : spare
   Array State : A.A. ('A' == active, '.' == missing)
quoted
/dev/sdb3:
          Magic : a92b4efc
        Version : 1.2
    Feature Map : 0x0
     Array UUID : cf9db8fa:0c2bb553:46865912:704cceae
           Name : runts:0  (local to host runts)
  Creation Time : Mon Jul 25 23:27:39 2011
     Raid Level : raid5
   Raid Devices : 4

 Avail Dev Size : 3905591472 (1862.33 GiB 1999.66 GB)
     Array Size : 5858385408 (5586.99 GiB 5998.99 GB)
  Used Dev Size : 3905590272 (1862.33 GiB 1999.66 GB)
    Data Offset : 2048 sectors
   Super Offset : 8 sectors
          State : clean
    Device UUID : 92589cc2:9d5ed86c:1467efc2:2e6b7f09

    Update Time : Tue Dec  2 23:15:37 2014
       Checksum : 57638ebb - correct
         Events : 3925676

         Layout : left-symmetric
     Chunk Size : 512K

   Device Role : Active device 0
   Array State : A.A. ('A' == active, '.' == missing)
quoted
/dev/sdc3:
          Magic : a92b4efc
        Version : 1.2
    Feature Map : 0x0
     Array UUID : cf9db8fa:0c2bb553:46865912:704cceae
           Name : runts:0  (local to host runts)
  Creation Time : Mon Jul 25 23:27:39 2011
     Raid Level : raid5
   Raid Devices : 4

 Avail Dev Size : 3905591472 (1862.33 GiB 1999.66 GB)
     Array Size : 5858385408 (5586.99 GiB 5998.99 GB)
  Used Dev Size : 3905590272 (1862.33 GiB 1999.66 GB)
    Data Offset : 2048 sectors
   Super Offset : 8 sectors
          State : clean
    Device UUID : 390bd4a2:07a28c01:528ed41e:a9d0fcf0

    Update Time : Tue Dec  2 23:15:37 2014
       Checksum : fb20d8a - correct
         Events : 3925676

         Layout : left-symmetric
     Chunk Size : 512K

   Device Role : Active device 2
   Array State : A.A. ('A' == active, '.' == missing)
quoted
/dev/sdd3:
          Magic : a92b4efc
        Version : 1.2
    Feature Map : 0x0
     Array UUID : cf9db8fa:0c2bb553:46865912:704cceae
           Name : runts:0  (local to host runts)
  Creation Time : Mon Jul 25 23:27:39 2011
     Raid Level : raid5
   Raid Devices : 4

 Avail Dev Size : 3905591472 (1862.33 GiB 1999.66 GB)
     Array Size : 5858385408 (5586.99 GiB 5998.99 GB)
  Used Dev Size : 3905590272 (1862.33 GiB 1999.66 GB)
    Data Offset : 2048 sectors
   Super Offset : 8 sectors
          State : clean
    Device UUID : 4156ab46:bd42c10d:8565d5af:74856641

    Update Time : Tue Dec  2 23:14:03 2014
       Checksum : a126853f - correct
         Events : 3925672

         Layout : left-symmetric
     Chunk Size : 512K

   Device Role : Active device 1
   Array State : AAAA ('A' == active, '.' == missing)
At least you have the previous data anyway, which should allow
reconstruction of the array. The device names have changed between your
two reports though, so I'd advise double-checking which is which before
proceeding.

The reports indicate that the original array order (based on the device
role field) for the four devices was (using device UUIDs as they're
consistent):
    92589cc2:9d5ed86c:1467efc2:2e6b7f09
    4156ab46:bd42c10d:8565d5af:74856641
    390bd4a2:07a28c01:528ed41e:a9d0fcf0
    b2bf0462:e0722254:0e233a72:aa5df4da

That would give a current device order of sdd3,sda3,sdc3,sdb3 (I don't
have the current data for sda3, but that's the only missing UUID).
I had forgotten that I took a pic of the read error message, which
also contained an output of /proc/mdstat, so I was able to determine
the ordering and I ran this command:
What did that indicate, and how did you map it to the device order below?
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root@ubuntu:~# mdadm -v --create --assume-clean --level=5 --chunk=512
--size=1952795136 --raid-devices=4 /dev/md0 /dev/sdd3 /dev/sdb3
missing /dev/sdc3
mdadm: layout defaults to left-symmetric
mdadm: layout defaults to left-symmetric
mdadm: /dev/sdd3 appears to be part of a raid array:
    level=raid5 devices=4 ctime=Tue Dec  9 05:17:53 2014
mdadm: layout defaults to left-symmetric
mdadm: /dev/sdb3 appears to be part of a raid array:
    level=raid5 devices=4 ctime=Tue Dec  9 05:17:53 2014
mdadm: layout defaults to left-symmetric
mdadm: /dev/sdc3 appears to be part of a raid array:
    level=raid5 devices=4 ctime=Tue Dec  9 05:17:53 2014
Continue creating array? y
mdadm: Defaulting to version 1.2 metadata
mdadm: array /dev/md0 started.

I did mdadm -E and everything seemed to be consistent with the
original output of the examine command. So I ran fsck -n

root@ubuntu:~# fsck -n /dev/md0
fsck from util-linux 2.20.1
e2fsck 1.42 (29-Nov-2011)
fsck.ext4: Group descriptors look bad... trying backup blocks...
Error writing block 1 (Attempt to write block to filesystem resulted
in short write).  Ignore error? no

Error writing block 2 (Attempt to write block to filesystem resulted
in short write).  Ignore error? no

Error writing block 3 (Attempt to write block to filesystem resulted
in short write).  Ignore error? no

Error writing block 4 (Attempt to write block to filesystem resulted
in short write).  Ignore error? no

Error writing block 5 (Attempt to write block to filesystem resulted
in short write).  Ignore error? no

Error writing block 6 (Attempt to write block to filesystem resulted
in short write).  Ignore error? no
...
...
Error writing block 343 (Attempt to write block to filesystem resulted
in short write).  Ignore error? no

Error writing block 344 (Attempt to write block to filesystem resulted
in short write).  Ignore error? no

fsck.ext4: Device or resource busy while trying to open /dev/md0
Filesystem mounted or opened exclusively by another program?


I believe I made some progress. But before I continue, I wanted to
know if I was on the right track?

I tried to mount /dev/md0 but got this:

root@ubuntu:~# mount -t ext4 /dev/md0 /mnt/
mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/md0,
       missing codepage or helper program, or other error
       In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try
       dmesg | tail  or so

Am I at a point to run fsck to repair the ext4 superblock?
No, that output would definitely suggest you have the wrong order.
That looks to be far too many errors for a normal unclean shutdown
situation.
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I also tried a different ordering to see what fsck -n would give and I got:

root@ubuntu:~# fsck -n /dev/md0
fsck from util-linux 2.20.1
e2fsck 1.42 (29-Nov-2011)
fsck.ext4: Filesystem revision too high while trying to open /dev/md0
The filesystem revision is apparently too high for this version of e2fsck.
(Or the filesystem superblock is corrupt)


The superblock could not be read or does not describe a correct ext2
filesystem.  If the device is valid and it really contains an ext2
filesystem (and not swap or ufs or something else), then the superblock
is corrupt, and you might try running e2fsck with an alternate superblock:
    e2fsck -b 8193 <device>

Which seems to confirm my first attempt at the ordering was good.
No, it confirms that the first device was correct - the filesystem
superblock will be entirely within the first chunk, so only the first
disk needs to be correct for that to be readable.

Have you tried running it in the order I advised (sdd3, sda3, sdc3,
missing) or in the order of the UUIDs (if the device order has changed)?
     92589cc2:9d5ed86c:1467efc2:2e6b7f09
     4156ab46:bd42c10d:8565d5af:74856641
     390bd4a2:07a28c01:528ed41e:a9d0fcf0
     b2bf0462:e0722254:0e233a72:aa5df4da

If not, please do so first and see whether the fsck output is any
better.

Cheers,
    Robin
--
     ___
    ( ' }     |       Robin Hill        [off-list ref] |
   / / )      | Little Jim says ....                            |
  // !!       |      "He fallen in de water !!"                 |
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