On Fri, Jan 24, 2014 at 05:47:57AM -0500, George Spelvin wrote:

I was doing some bulk reads on an ext4 file system on
a simple mirrored device (3.13 x86_64 kernel):

md2 : active raid1 sdd3[0] sde3[1]
      1932514496 blocks [2/2] [UU]
      bitmap: 0/15 pages [0KB], 65536KB chunk

And I noticed that the reads were all hitting the first disk.
The second was basically idle.  Here's "dstat -d -D md2,sdd,sde":

--dsk/md2-----dsk/sdd-----dsk/sde--
 read  writ: read  writ: read  writ
 510k   55k: 484k   58k:  27k   58k
 129M    0 : 129M    0 :  48k    0
 108M   48k: 108M   60k: 576k   60k
 123M    0 : 123M 8192B:   0  8192B
 133M    0 : 133M    0 : 360k    0
 132M    0 : 132M    0 :  20k    0
 138M    0 : 138M    0 : 304k    0
 128M    0 : 128M    0 : 896k    0
 129M    0 : 129M 4096B:  64k 4096B
 135M    0 : 135M    0 :  36k    0
 116M   12k: 116M   24k:  36k   28k
 117M    0 : 116M 4096B: 632k    0
 127M    0 : 127M    0 : 288k    0
 130M    0 : 130M    0 : 336k    0
 133M    0 : 133M    0 : 212k    0
 134M    0 : 134M    0 : 304k    0
 130M    0 : 129M 4096B: 100k 4096B
 128M    0 : 127M    0 : 280k    0
 106M   12k: 106M   28k: 372k   28k
 129M    0 : 129M    0 : 344k    0
 134M    0 : 134M    0 : 196k    0
 134M    0 : 134M    0 : 384k    0
 129M    0 : 129M    0 : 304k    0

I thought (drivers/md/raid1.c:read_balance()) the driver was
supposed to do some striping on large reads.

While 125M/s is nice, more than that would be nicer.

The drives are identical, but are plugged in to different controllers.
sdd is on an AMD SB600 controller, while sde is on a PDC42819.

Is there some knob I need to adjust to make read balancing happen?

The reading is not balanced because it does not make sense to do balanced 
reads for sequential reading. In RAID-1 the disk sectors are consequitive.
So if you would read one sector from one disk, and the following sector from the other disk, 
then the next read from disk 1 would need to skip a full resolvation of the disk,
which may cost something like 8 ms.  So better read contigously from the same disk, and hope
for some other IO request that can use disk 2. 

For sequential reading RAID-10 in the "far" layout make a much more balanced 
reading scheme. You will get somethng like RAID-0 reading speeds here.

Best regards
Keld