Thread (115 messages) 115 messages, 11 authors, 2013-03-05

Re: [PATCH v6 04/46] percpu_rwlock: Implement the core design of Per-CPU Reader-Writer Locks

From: Srivatsa S. Bhat <hidden>
Date: 2013-02-25 19:28:41
Also in: linux-arch, linux-arm-kernel, linuxppc-dev, lkml, netdev

Hi Lai,

On 02/25/2013 09:23 PM, Lai Jiangshan wrote:
Hi, Srivatsa,

The target of the whole patchset is nice for me.
Cool! Thanks :-)
A question: How did you find out the such usages of
"preempt_disable()" and convert them? did all are converted?
Well, I scanned through the source tree for usages which implicitly
disabled CPU offline and converted them over. Its not limited to uses
of preempt_disable() alone - even spin_locks, rwlocks, local_irq_disable()
etc also help disable CPU offline. So I tried to dig out all such uses
and converted them. However, since the merge window is open, a lot of
new code is flowing into the tree. So I'll have to rescan the tree to
see if there are any more places to convert.
And I think the lock is too complex and reinvent the wheel, why don't
you reuse the lglock?
lglocks? No way! ;-) See below...
quoted hunk ↗ jump to hunk
I wrote an untested draft here.

Thanks,
Lai

PS: Some HA tools(I'm writing one) which takes checkpoints of
virtual-machines frequently, I guess this patchset can speedup the
tools.

From 01db542693a1b7fc6f9ece45d57cb529d9be5b66 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Lai Jiangshan <redacted>
Date: Mon, 25 Feb 2013 23:14:27 +0800
Subject: [PATCH] lglock: add read-preference local-global rwlock

locality via lglock(trylock)
read-preference read-write-lock via fallback rwlock_t

Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <redacted>
---
 include/linux/lglock.h |   31 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 kernel/lglock.c        |   45 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 76 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
diff --git a/include/linux/lglock.h b/include/linux/lglock.h
index 0d24e93..30fe887 100644
--- a/include/linux/lglock.h
+++ b/include/linux/lglock.h
@@ -67,4 +67,35 @@ void lg_local_unlock_cpu(struct lglock *lg, int cpu);
 void lg_global_lock(struct lglock *lg);
 void lg_global_unlock(struct lglock *lg);

+struct lgrwlock {
+	unsigned long __percpu *fallback_reader_refcnt;
+	struct lglock lglock;
+	rwlock_t fallback_rwlock;
+};
+
+#define DEFINE_LGRWLOCK(name)						\
+	static DEFINE_PER_CPU(arch_spinlock_t, name ## _lock)		\
+	= __ARCH_SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCKED;					\
+	static DEFINE_PER_CPU(unsigned long, name ## _refcnt);		\
+	struct lgrwlock name = {					\
+		.fallback_reader_refcnt = &name ## _refcnt,		\
+		.lglock = { .lock = &name ## _lock } }
+
+#define DEFINE_STATIC_LGRWLOCK(name)					\
+	static DEFINE_PER_CPU(arch_spinlock_t, name ## _lock)		\
+	= __ARCH_SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCKED;					\
+	static DEFINE_PER_CPU(unsigned long, name ## _refcnt);		\
+	static struct lgrwlock name = {					\
+		.fallback_reader_refcnt = &name ## _refcnt,		\
+		.lglock = { .lock = &name ## _lock } }
+
+static inline void lg_rwlock_init(struct lgrwlock *lgrw, char *name)
+{
+	lg_lock_init(&lgrw->lglock, name);
+}
+
+void lg_rwlock_local_read_lock(struct lgrwlock *lgrw);
+void lg_rwlock_local_read_unlock(struct lgrwlock *lgrw);
+void lg_rwlock_global_write_lock(struct lgrwlock *lgrw);
+void lg_rwlock_global_write_unlock(struct lgrwlock *lgrw);
 #endif
diff --git a/kernel/lglock.c b/kernel/lglock.c
index 6535a66..463543a 100644
--- a/kernel/lglock.c
+++ b/kernel/lglock.c
@@ -87,3 +87,48 @@ void lg_global_unlock(struct lglock *lg)
 	preempt_enable();
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(lg_global_unlock);
+
+void lg_rwlock_local_read_lock(struct lgrwlock *lgrw)
+{
+	struct lglock *lg = &lgrw->lglock;
+
+	preempt_disable();
+	if (likely(!__this_cpu_read(*lgrw->fallback_reader_refcnt))) {
+		if (likely(arch_spin_trylock(this_cpu_ptr(lg->lock)))) {
+			rwlock_acquire_read(&lg->lock_dep_map, 0, 0, _RET_IP_);
+			return;
+		}
+		read_lock(&lgrw->fallback_rwlock);
+	}
+
+	__this_cpu_inc(*lgrw->fallback_reader_refcnt);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(lg_rwlock_local_read_lock);
+
+void lg_rwlock_local_read_unlock(struct lgrwlock *lgrw)
+{
+	if (likely(!__this_cpu_read(*lgrw->fallback_reader_refcnt))) {
+		lg_local_unlock(&lgrw->lglock);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	if (!__this_cpu_dec_return(*lgrw->fallback_reader_refcnt))
+		read_unlock(&lgrw->fallback_rwlock);
+
+	preempt_enable();
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(lg_rwlock_local_read_unlock);
+
If I read the code above correctly, all you are doing is implementing a
recursive reader-side primitive (ie., allowing the reader to call these
functions recursively, without resulting in a self-deadlock).

But the thing is, making the reader-side recursive is the least of our
problems! Our main challenge is to make the locking extremely flexible
and also safe-guard it against circular-locking-dependencies and deadlocks.
Please take a look at the changelog of patch 1 - it explains the situation
with an example.
+void lg_rwlock_global_write_lock(struct lgrwlock *lgrw)
+{
+	lg_global_lock(&lgrw->lglock);
This does a for-loop on all CPUs and takes their locks one-by-one. That's
exactly what we want to prevent, because that is the _source_ of all our
deadlock woes in this case. In the presence of perfect lock ordering
guarantees, this wouldn't have been a problem (that's why lglocks are
being used successfully elsewhere in the kernel). In the stop-machine()
removal case, the over-flexibility of preempt_disable() forces us to provide
an equally flexible locking alternative. Hence we can't use such per-cpu
locking schemes.

You might note that, for exactly this reason, I haven't actually used any
per-cpu _locks_ in this synchronization scheme, though it is named as
"per-cpu rwlocks". The only per-cpu component here are the refcounts, and
we consciously avoid waiting/spinning on them (because then that would be
equivalent to having per-cpu locks, which are deadlock-prone). We use
global rwlocks to get the deadlock-safety that we need.
+	write_lock(&lgrw->fallback_rwlock);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(lg_rwlock_global_write_lock);
+
+void lg_rwlock_global_write_unlock(struct lgrwlock *lgrw)
+{
+	write_unlock(&lgrw->fallback_rwlock);
+	lg_global_unlock(&lgrw->lglock);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(lg_rwlock_global_write_unlock);
Regards,
Srivatsa S. Bhat
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