Following process may lead to fs corruption:
1. ext4_create(dir/foo)
 ext4_add_nondir
  ext4_add_entry
   ext4_dx_add_entry
     a. add_dirent_to_buf
      ext4_mark_inode_dirty
      ext4_handle_dirty_metadata   // dir inode bh is recorded into journal
     b. ext4_append    // dx_get_count(entries) == dx_get_limit(entries)
       ext4_bread(EXT4_GET_BLOCKS_CREATE)
        ext4_getblk
         ext4_map_blocks
          ext4_ext_map_blocks
            ext4_mb_new_blocks
             dquot_alloc_block
              dquot_alloc_space_nodirty
               inode_add_bytes    // update dir's i_blocks
            ext4_ext_insert_extent
	     ext4_ext_dirty  // record extent bh into journal
              ext4_handle_dirty_metadata(bh)
	      // record new block into journal
       inode->i_size += inode->i_sb->s_blocksize   // new size(in mem)
     c. ext4_handle_dirty_dx_node(bh2)
	// record dir's new block(dx_node) into journal
     d. ext4_handle_dirty_dx_node((frame - 1)->bh)
     e. ext4_handle_dirty_dx_node(frame->bh)
     f. do_split    // ret err!
     g. add_dirent_to_buf
	 ext4_mark_inode_dirty(dir)  // update raw_inode on disk(skipped)
2. fsck -a /dev/sdb
 drop last block(dx_node) which beyonds dir's i_size.
  /dev/sdb: recovering journal
  /dev/sdb contains a file system with errors, check forced.
  /dev/sdb: Inode 12, end of extent exceeds allowed value
	(logical block 128, physical block 3938, len 1)
3. fsck -fn /dev/sdb
 dx_node->entry[i].blk > dir->i_size
  Pass 2: Checking directory structure
  Problem in HTREE directory inode 12 (/dir): bad block number 128.
  Clear HTree index? no
  Problem in HTREE directory inode 12: block #3 has invalid depth (2)
  Problem in HTREE directory inode 12: block #3 has bad max hash
  Problem in HTREE directory inode 12: block #3 not referenced

Just like make_indexed_dir() does, update dir inode if error occurs.
Fetch a reproducer in [Link].

Link: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=216466
CC: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Zhihao Cheng <chengzhihao1@huawei.com>
---
 fs/ext4/namei.c | 7 +++++++
 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+)

diff --git a/fs/ext4/namei.c b/fs/ext4/namei.c
index 3a31b662f661..f04871fa4ead 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/namei.c
+++ b/fs/ext4/namei.c

@@ -2617,6 +2617,13 @@ static int ext4_dx_add_entry(handle_t *handle, struct ext4_filename *fname,
 	 */
 	if (restart && err == 0)
 		goto again;
+	/*
+	 * Even if the dx_add_entry failed, we have to properly write
+	 * out all the changes we did so far. Otherwise we can end up
+	 * with corrupted filesystem.
+	 */
+	if (err)
+		ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle, dir);
 	return err;
 }
 

-- 
2.31.1