@@ -212,3 +212,169 @@ void test_map_init(void)
 	if (test__start_subtest("pcpu_lru_map_init"))
 		test_pcpu_lru_map_init();
 }
+
+static void test_map_create(enum bpf_map_type map_type, const char *map_name,
+			    struct bpf_map_create_opts *opts, const char *exp_msg)
+{
+	const int key_size = 4, value_size = 4, max_entries = 1;
+	char log_buf[128];
+	int fd;
+	LIBBPF_OPTS(bpf_log_opts, log_opts);
+
+	log_buf[0] = '\0';
+	log_opts.log_buf = log_buf;
+	log_opts.log_size = sizeof(log_buf);
+	log_opts.log_level = 1;
+	opts->log_opts = &log_opts;
+	fd = bpf_map_create(map_type, map_name, key_size, value_size, max_entries, opts);
+	if (!ASSERT_LT(fd, 0, "bpf_map_create")) {
+		close(fd);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	ASSERT_STREQ(log_buf, exp_msg, "log_buf");
+	ASSERT_EQ(log_opts.log_true_size, strlen(exp_msg) + 1, "log_true_size");
+}
+
+static void test_map_create_array(struct bpf_map_create_opts *opts, const char *exp_msg)
+{
+	test_map_create(BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY, "test_map_create", opts, exp_msg);
+}
+
+static void test_invalid_vmlinux_value_type_id_struct_ops(void)
+{
+	const char *msg = "btf_vmlinux_value_type_id can only be used with struct_ops maps.\n";
+	LIBBPF_OPTS(bpf_map_create_opts, opts,
+		    .btf_vmlinux_value_type_id = 1,
+	);
+
+	test_map_create_array(&opts, msg);
+}
+
+static void test_invalid_vmlinux_value_type_id_kv_type_id(void)
+{
+	const char *msg = "btf_vmlinux_value_type_id is mutually exclusive with btf_key_type_id and btf_value_type_id.\n";
+	LIBBPF_OPTS(bpf_map_create_opts, opts,
+		    .btf_vmlinux_value_type_id = 1,
+		    .btf_key_type_id = 1,
+	);
+
+	test_map_create(BPF_MAP_TYPE_STRUCT_OPS, "test_map_create", &opts, msg);
+}
+
+static void test_invalid_value_type_id(void)
+{
+	const char *msg = "Invalid btf_value_type_id.\n";
+	LIBBPF_OPTS(bpf_map_create_opts, opts,
+		    .btf_key_type_id = 1,
+	);
+
+	test_map_create_array(&opts, msg);
+}
+
+static void test_invalid_map_extra(void)
+{
+	const char *msg = "Invalid map_extra.\n";
+	LIBBPF_OPTS(bpf_map_create_opts, opts,
+		    .map_extra = 1,
+	);
+
+	test_map_create_array(&opts, msg);
+}
+
+static void test_invalid_numa_node(void)
+{
+	const char *msg = "Invalid numa_node.\n";
+	LIBBPF_OPTS(bpf_map_create_opts, opts,
+		    .map_flags = BPF_F_NUMA_NODE,
+		    .numa_node = 0xFF,
+	);
+
+	test_map_create_array(&opts, msg);
+}
+
+static void test_invalid_map_type(void)
+{
+	const char *msg = "Invalid map_type.\n";
+	LIBBPF_OPTS(bpf_map_create_opts, opts);
+
+	test_map_create(__MAX_BPF_MAP_TYPE, "test_map_create", &opts, msg);
+}
+
+static void test_invalid_token_fd(void)
+{
+	const char *msg = "Invalid map_token_fd.\n";
+	LIBBPF_OPTS(bpf_map_create_opts, opts,
+		    .map_flags = BPF_F_TOKEN_FD,
+		    .token_fd = 0xFF,
+	);
+
+	test_map_create_array(&opts, msg);
+}
+
+static void test_invalid_map_name(void)
+{
+	const char *msg = "Invalid map_name.\n";
+	LIBBPF_OPTS(bpf_map_create_opts, opts);
+
+	test_map_create(BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY, "test-!@#", &opts, msg);
+}
+
+static void test_invalid_btf_fd(void)
+{
+	const char *msg = "Invalid btf_fd.\n";
+	LIBBPF_OPTS(bpf_map_create_opts, opts,
+		    .btf_fd = -1,
+		    .btf_key_type_id = 1,
+		    .btf_value_type_id = 1,
+	);
+
+	test_map_create_array(&opts, msg);
+}
+
+static void test_excl_prog_hash_size_1(void)
+{
+	const char *msg = "Invalid excl_prog_hash_size.\n";
+	const char *hash = "DEADCODE";
+	LIBBPF_OPTS(bpf_map_create_opts, opts,
+		    .excl_prog_hash = hash,
+	);
+
+	test_map_create_array(&opts, msg);
+}
+
+static void test_excl_prog_hash_size_2(void)
+{
+	const char *msg = "Invalid excl_prog_hash_size.\n";
+	LIBBPF_OPTS(bpf_map_create_opts, opts,
+		    .excl_prog_hash_size = 1,
+	);
+
+	test_map_create_array(&opts, msg);
+}
+
+void test_map_create_failure(void)
+{
+	if (test__start_subtest("invalid_vmlinux_value_type_id_struct_ops"))
+		test_invalid_vmlinux_value_type_id_struct_ops();
+	if (test__start_subtest("invalid_vmlinux_value_type_id_kv_type_id"))
+		test_invalid_vmlinux_value_type_id_kv_type_id();
+	if (test__start_subtest("invalid_value_type_id"))
+		test_invalid_value_type_id();
+	if (test__start_subtest("invalid_map_extra"))
+		test_invalid_map_extra();
+	if (test__start_subtest("invalid_numa_node"))
+		test_invalid_numa_node();
+	if (test__start_subtest("invalid_map_type"))
+		test_invalid_map_type();
+	if (test__start_subtest("invalid_token_fd"))
+		test_invalid_token_fd();
+	if (test__start_subtest("invalid_map_name"))
+		test_invalid_map_name();
+	if (test__start_subtest("invalid_btf_fd"))
+		test_invalid_btf_fd();
+	if (test__start_subtest("invalid_excl_prog_hash_size_1"))
+		test_excl_prog_hash_size_1();
+	if (test__start_subtest("invalid_excl_prog_hash_size_2"))
+		test_excl_prog_hash_size_2();
+}