Fix three issues in damon_hot_score() that comes from wrong handling of
extreme (zero or too high) monitoring intervals user setup.

When the user sets sampling interval zero, damon_max_nr_accesses(),
which  is called from damon_hot_score(), causes a divide-by-zero.
Needless to say, it is a problem.

When the user sets the aggregation interval zero, the function returns
zero.  It is wrong, since the real maximum nr_acceses in the setup
should be one.  Worse yet, it can cause another divide-by-zero from its
caller, damon_hot_score(), since it uses damon_max_nr_accesses() return
value as a denominator.

When the user sets the aggregation interval very high, damon_hot_score()
could return a value out of [0, DAMOS_MAX_SCORE] range.  Since the
return value is used as an index to the regions_score_histogram array,
which is DAMOS_MAX_SCORE+1 size, it causes out of bounds array access.

The issues can be relatively easily reproduced like below.  The sysfs
write permission is required, though.

    # ./damo start --damos_action lru_prio --damos_quota_space 100M \
            --damos_quota_interval 1s
    # cd /sys/kernel/mm/damon/admin/kdamonds/0
    # echo 0 > contexts/0/monitoring_attrs/intervals/sample_us
    # echo 0 > contexts/0/monitoring_attrs/intervals/aggr_us
    # echo commit > state
    # dmesg
    [...]
    [  131.329762] Oops: divide error: 0000 [#1] SMP NOPTI
    [...]
    [  131.336089] RIP: 0010:damon_hot_score+0x27/0xd0
    [...]

Fix the divide-by-zero intervals problems by explicitly handling the
zero intervals in damon_max_nr_accesses().  Fix the out-of-bound array
access by applying [0, DAMOS_MAX_SCORE] bounds before returning from
damon_hot_score().

The issue was discovered [1] by Sashiko.

[1] https://lore.kernel.org/20260619202459.145010-1-sj@kernel.org (local)

Fixes: 198f0f4c58b9 ("mm/damon/vaddr,paddr: support pageout prioritization")
Cc: <redacted> # 5.16.x
Signed-off-by: SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
---
Changes from RFC v1.3
- RFC v1.3: https://lore.kernel.org/20260623011652.1354-1-sj@kernel.org (local)
- Drop RFC again.
Changes from RFC v1.2
- RFC v1.2: https://lore.kernel.org/20260622141027.29145-1-sj@kernel.org (local)
- Drop patch 2 and make patch 1 fixes all damon_hot_score() problems.
Changes from v1
- v1: https://lore.kernel.org/20260621154808.86431-1-sj@kernel.org (local)
- Add out-of-bound array access bug fix as patch 2.
- Add the RFC tag again.
Changes from RFC v1.1
- RFC v1.1: https://lore.kernel.org/20260620171413.89555-1-sj@kernel.org (local)
- Wordsmith commit message.
- Drop RFC tag.
Changes from RFC v1
- RFC v1: https://lore.kernel.org/20260619205144.150664-1-sj@kernel.org (local)
- Handle zero aggr_interval case.

 include/linux/damon.h | 8 ++++++--
 mm/damon/ops-common.c | 1 +
 2 files changed, 7 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/linux/damon.h b/include/linux/damon.h
index 6f7edb3590ef9..888570f55b416 100644
--- a/include/linux/damon.h
+++ b/include/linux/damon.h

@@ -1065,9 +1065,13 @@ static inline bool damon_target_has_pid(const struct damon_ctx *ctx)
 
 static inline unsigned int damon_max_nr_accesses(const struct damon_attrs *attrs)
 {
-	/* {aggr,sample}_interval are unsigned long, hence could overflow */
-	return min(attrs->aggr_interval / attrs->sample_interval,
+	unsigned long sample_interval;
+	unsigned long max_nr_accesses;
+
+	sample_interval = attrs->sample_interval ? : 1;
+	max_nr_accesses = min(attrs->aggr_interval / sample_interval,
 			(unsigned long)UINT_MAX);
+	return max_nr_accesses ? : 1;
 }
 
 

diff --git a/mm/damon/ops-common.c b/mm/damon/ops-common.c
index 5c93ef2bb8a97..d1842e2b00ef8 100644
--- a/mm/damon/ops-common.c
+++ b/mm/damon/ops-common.c

@@ -143,6 +143,7 @@ int damon_hot_score(struct damon_ctx *c, struct damon_region *r,
 	 * Transform it to fit in [0, DAMOS_MAX_SCORE]
 	 */
 	hotness = hotness * DAMOS_MAX_SCORE / DAMON_MAX_SUBSCORE;
+	hotness = max(min(hotness, DAMOS_MAX_SCORE), 0);
 
 	return hotness;
 }

base-commit: c12377ad97c98e0bee10870abf4ab1101a946b4c
-- 
2.47.3