# What are the default VMA maps for linux on PPC32?

- From: Matthew Clark \<hidden\>
- Date: 2009-01-25 19:16:05 
- List: linuxppc-dev
- Page: https://ratatoskr.run/linuxppc-dev/2009/01/9449598
- Thread: https://ratatoskr.run/linuxppc-dev/2009/01/9449598/t.md

```text
Is there a good source that lists the standard virtual address mappings of the various components of linux?  I know the kernel starts at 0xC000_0000 and user apps start at 0x1000_0000, but things like shared objects are much less clear.  For example, the smap entry for my ntpd process shows two distinct areas of usage: ~0xf000_0000 and ~0x3000_0000, but I have no idea what's where and why.  Can anyone shed some light on this?  Thanks.

Matt

0fbde000-0fbe2000 r-xp 00000000 00:0c 905394     /lib/libnss_dns-2.3.6.so
0fbe2000-0fbf1000 ---p 00004000 00:0c 905394     /lib/libnss_dns-2.3.6.so
0fbf1000-0fbf2000 r--p 00003000 00:0c 905394     /lib/libnss_dns-2.3.6.so
0fbf2000-0fbf3000 rwxp 00004000 00:0c 905394     /lib/libnss_dns-2.3.6.so
0ffba000-0ffbe000 rwxp 0012a000 00:0c 905395     /lib/libc-2.3.6.so
0ffd0000-0ffe7000 r-xp 00000000 00:0c 905370     /lib/ld-2.3.6.so
0fff6000-0fff7000 r--p 00016000 00:0c 905370     /lib/ld-2.3.6.so
0fff7000-0fff8000 rwxp 00017000 00:0c 905370     /lib/ld-2.3.6.so

30009000-3001e000 r-xp 00000000 00:0c 1323564    /usr/lib/libelf-0.108.so
3001e000-3002d000 ---p 00015000 00:0c 1323564    /usr/lib/libelf-0.108.so
3002d000-3002e000 rwxp 00014000 00:0c 1323564    /usr/lib/libelf-0.108.so
```