[PATCH 0/3] mm: page_counter: move hierarchical protection out of struct page_counter

COLD44d

4 messages, 1 author, 2026-09-09 · open the first message on its own page

[PATCH 0/3] mm: page_counter: move hierarchical protection out of struct page_counter

From: linuszeng <hidden>
Date: 2026-09-09 08:08:53

Hierarchical memory protection (memory.min / memory.low) is built on
struct page_counter today: every counter carries the full protection
state - emin/elow, the protected-usage trackers (min_usage,
children_min_usage, low_usage, children_low_usage), the configured
min/low values and a protection_support flag - although only the memory
page counter (and dmem pools) ever participates in protection.
swap/memsw, kmem, tcpmem and hugetlb counters ship this state around
unused.

This series moves that state into a dedicated struct
page_counter_protection, instantiated only for the counters that
actually support protection, which shrinks struct page_counter by one
cache line.

Patch 1 adds struct page_counter_protection and links it to struct
page_counter through a ->prot pointer (NULL when protection is not
supported).  page_counter_init() loses its protection_support argument,
and the new page_counter_init_protection() attaches the context.
Protection stays enabled only on the cgroup v2 hierarchy, matching the
previous page_counter_init(..., memcg_on_dfl) behaviour, and the root
memcg keeps it unconditionally.

Patch 2 migrates the read/write side of protection onto the new
structure: propagate_protected_usage(), page_counter_set_min()/low()
and page_counter_calculate_protection() now operate on the protection
context, and the memcg and dmem accessors (mem_cgroup_protection,
mem_cgroup_below_min/low, the dmem below_min/low helpers and the dmem
eviction check) read emin/elow/children_*_usage from it.

Patch 3 deletes the now-unused fields from struct page_counter.  On
64-bit the structure drops from three cache lines to two, one cache
line saved per counter.  For reference, pahole shows the layout before
and after (x86_64, 64-byte cache lines):

    before:                                after:
     0  usage                               0  usage
     8  failcnt                             8  failcnt
    64  emin                               64  watermark
    72  min_usage                          72  local_watermark
    80  children_min_usage                 80  track_failcnt
    88  elow                               88  high
    96  low_usage                          96  max
   104  children_low_usage                104  parent
   112  watermark                         112  prot
   120  local_watermark
   128  protection_support                 size 128, 2 cachelines,
   129  track_failcnt                         11 members
   136  min
   144  low                                (the protection fields moved
   152  high                               into struct
   160  max                                page_counter_protection,
   168  parent                              72 bytes, allocated only
                                           where protection is used)
   size 192, 3 cachelines, 19 members

The four embedded page counters of struct mem_cgroup all shrink by 64
bytes, which translates to 128 bytes saved per cgroup once the one
embedded page_counter_protection is accounted for (2176 -> 2048 bytes
with CONFIG_MEMCG_V1=y, verified with pahole).

No functional change is intended: protection semantics and the cgroup
v1/v2 behaviour are preserved.

Signed-off-by: linuszeng <redacted>
---
linuszeng (3):
      mm: page_counter: add page_counter_protection struct and init API
      mm: page_counter: track protection state in page_counter_protection
      mm: page_counter: drop protection fields from struct page_counter

 include/linux/memcontrol.h   | 15 ++++++---
 include/linux/page_counter.h | 76 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------------
 kernel/cgroup/dmem.c         | 18 ++++++-----
 mm/hugetlb_cgroup.c          |  4 +--
 mm/memcontrol.c              | 29 ++++++++++-------
 mm/page_counter.c            | 61 ++++++++++++++++++++++-------------
 6 files changed, 134 insertions(+), 69 deletions(-)
---
base-commit: d118502628f8b673be9023db8bdf878f64a7ed45
change-id: 20260909-descriptive-name-e382a3f978dd

Best regards,
-- 
linuszeng [off-list ref]

[PATCH 1/3] mm: page_counter: add page_counter_protection struct and init API

From: linuszeng <hidden>
Date: 2026-09-09 08:08:53

From: linuszeng <redacted>

Hierarchical protection (memory.min/memory.low) is only used by the
memory page counter (and dmem pools); swap/memsw, kmem and tcpmem
counters never participate in it, yet each struct page_counter carries
the full protection state.

Introduce struct page_counter_protection to hold that state, link it to
struct page_counter via a ->prot pointer (NULL when protection is not
supported) and switch track_protection() to it. page_counter_init()
drops its protection_support argument and the new
page_counter_init_protection() attaches the protection context. Like
page_counter_init(), it expects the rest of the structure to be zeroed
by the caller's allocation.

Protection tracking is only enabled on the cgroup v2 hierarchy, matching
the previous page_counter_init(..., memcg_on_dfl) behavior.

No functional change.
---
 include/linux/memcontrol.h   |  7 ++++++
 include/linux/page_counter.h | 59 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-----
 kernel/cgroup/dmem.c         |  6 +++--
 mm/hugetlb_cgroup.c          |  4 +--
 mm/memcontrol.c              | 21 ++++++++++------
 mm/page_counter.c            |  2 +-
 6 files changed, 80 insertions(+), 19 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/linux/memcontrol.h b/include/linux/memcontrol.h
index 058ebd73ff16..ed863f4ed233 100644
--- a/include/linux/memcontrol.h
+++ b/include/linux/memcontrol.h

@@ -195,6 +195,13 @@ struct mem_cgroup {
 	/* Accounted resources */
 	struct page_counter memory;		/* Both v1 & v2 */
 
+	/*
+	 * Hierarchical memory.min/memory.low protection tracking for the
+	 * memory page counter. swap/memsw, kmem and tcpmem counters do not
+	 * support protection and have no such context.
+	 */
+	struct page_counter_protection memory_prot;
+
 	union {
 		struct page_counter swap;	/* v2 only */
 		struct page_counter memsw;	/* v1 only */

diff --git a/include/linux/page_counter.h b/include/linux/page_counter.h
index 07b7cb12249c..b81f16702764 100644
--- a/include/linux/page_counter.h
+++ b/include/linux/page_counter.h

@@ -7,6 +7,32 @@
 #include <linux/limits.h>
 #include <asm/page.h>
 
+/*
+ * Hierarchical protection (memory.min / memory.low) tracking.
+ *
+ * Only the memory page counter (and dmem pools) participate in protection.
+ * swap/memsw, kmem and tcpmem page counters never do, so the protection
+ * fields are kept out of struct page_counter in this separate structure to
+ * save space in the common case. struct page_counter links to it via ->prot,
+ * which is NULL for counters without protection support.
+ */
+struct page_counter_protection {
+	struct page_counter_protection *parent;
+
+	/* effective memory.min and memory.min usage tracking */
+	unsigned long emin;
+	atomic_long_t min_usage;
+	atomic_long_t children_min_usage;
+
+	/* effective memory.low and memory.low usage tracking */
+	unsigned long elow;
+	atomic_long_t low_usage;
+	atomic_long_t children_low_usage;
+
+	unsigned long min;
+	unsigned long low;
+};
+
 struct page_counter {
 	/*
 	 * Make sure 'usage' does not share cacheline with any other field in

@@ -41,6 +67,12 @@ struct page_counter {
 	unsigned long high;
 	unsigned long max;
 	struct page_counter *parent;
+
+	/*
+	 * Hierarchical protection context, NULL for counters that do not
+	 * support memory.min/memory.low (swap, memsw, kmem, tcpmem, ...).
+	 */
+	struct page_counter_protection *prot;
 } ____cacheline_internodealigned_in_smp;
 
 #if BITS_PER_LONG == 32

@@ -49,18 +81,33 @@ struct page_counter {
 #define PAGE_COUNTER_MAX (LONG_MAX / PAGE_SIZE)
 #endif
 
-/*
- * Protection is supported only for the first counter (with id 0).
- */
 static inline void page_counter_init(struct page_counter *counter,
-				     struct page_counter *parent,
-				     bool protection_support)
+				     struct page_counter *parent)
 {
 	counter->usage = (atomic_long_t)ATOMIC_LONG_INIT(0);
 	counter->max = PAGE_COUNTER_MAX;
 	counter->parent = parent;
-	counter->protection_support = protection_support;
 	counter->track_failcnt = false;
+	counter->prot = NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Enable hierarchical protection (memory.min/memory.low) on @counter.
+ * @prot and @parent are the protection contexts of @counter and its
+ * parent page counter respectively. Only the memory page counter (and
+ * dmem pools) call this.
+ *
+ * The remaining members of @prot (emin, elow and the usage counters) are
+ * expected to be zero already, so @prot must come from zeroed memory.
+ */
+static inline void page_counter_init_protection(struct page_counter *counter,
+						struct page_counter_protection *prot,
+						struct page_counter_protection *parent)
+{
+	counter->prot = prot;
+	prot->parent = parent;
+	prot->min = 0;
+	prot->low = 0;
 }
 
 static inline unsigned long page_counter_read(struct page_counter *counter)

diff --git a/kernel/cgroup/dmem.c b/kernel/cgroup/dmem.c
index 4683f3d68022..e33d807cdea8 100644
--- a/kernel/cgroup/dmem.c
+++ b/kernel/cgroup/dmem.c

@@ -88,6 +88,7 @@ struct dmem_cgroup_pool_state {
 	struct rcu_head rcu;
 
 	struct page_counter cnt;
+	struct page_counter_protection prot;
 	struct dmem_cgroup_pool_state *parent;
 
 	refcount_t ref;

@@ -426,8 +427,9 @@ alloc_pool_single(struct dmemcg_state *dmemcs, struct dmem_cgroup_region *region
 	if (parent)
 		ppool = find_cg_pool_locked(parent, region);
 
-	page_counter_init(&pool->cnt,
-			  ppool ? &ppool->cnt : NULL, true);
+	page_counter_init(&pool->cnt, ppool ? &ppool->cnt : NULL);
+	page_counter_init_protection(&pool->cnt, &pool->prot,
+				     ppool ? &ppool->prot : NULL);
 	reset_all_resource_limits(pool);
 	refcount_set(&pool->ref, 1);
 	kref_get(&region->ref);

diff --git a/mm/hugetlb_cgroup.c b/mm/hugetlb_cgroup.c
index ecb6e0b7819a..7fdae504cfc6 100644
--- a/mm/hugetlb_cgroup.c
+++ b/mm/hugetlb_cgroup.c

@@ -108,8 +108,8 @@ static void hugetlb_cgroup_init(struct hugetlb_cgroup *h_cgroup,
 		fault = hugetlb_cgroup_counter_from_cgroup(h_cgroup, idx);
 		rsvd = hugetlb_cgroup_counter_from_cgroup_rsvd(h_cgroup, idx);
 
-		page_counter_init(fault, fault_parent, false);
-		page_counter_init(rsvd, rsvd_parent, false);
+		page_counter_init(fault, fault_parent);
+		page_counter_init(rsvd, rsvd_parent);
 
 		if (!cgroup_subsys_on_dfl(hugetlb_cgrp_subsys)) {
 			fault->track_failcnt = true;

diff --git a/mm/memcontrol.c b/mm/memcontrol.c
index 86ff580c7018..ffa1ced3baae 100644
--- a/mm/memcontrol.c
+++ b/mm/memcontrol.c

@@ -4267,25 +4267,30 @@ mem_cgroup_css_alloc(struct cgroup_subsys_state *parent_css)
 #endif
 	page_counter_set_high(&memcg->swap, PAGE_COUNTER_MAX);
 	if (parent) {
-		page_counter_init(&memcg->memory, &parent->memory, memcg_on_dfl);
-		page_counter_init(&memcg->swap, &parent->swap, false);
+		page_counter_init(&memcg->memory, &parent->memory);
+		if (memcg_on_dfl)
+			page_counter_init_protection(&memcg->memory, &memcg->memory_prot,
+						     &parent->memory_prot);
+		page_counter_init(&memcg->swap, &parent->swap);
 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG_V1
 		WRITE_ONCE(memcg->swappiness, mem_cgroup_swappiness(parent));
 		memcg->memory.track_failcnt = !memcg_on_dfl;
 		memcg->memsw.track_failcnt = !memcg_on_dfl;
 		WRITE_ONCE(memcg->oom_kill_disable, READ_ONCE(parent->oom_kill_disable));
-		page_counter_init(&memcg->kmem, &parent->kmem, false);
-		page_counter_init(&memcg->tcpmem, &parent->tcpmem, false);
+		page_counter_init(&memcg->kmem, &parent->kmem);
+		page_counter_init(&memcg->tcpmem, &parent->tcpmem);
 		memcg->tcpmem.track_failcnt = !memcg_on_dfl;
 #endif
 	} else {
 		init_memcg_stats();
 		init_memcg_events();
-		page_counter_init(&memcg->memory, NULL, true);
-		page_counter_init(&memcg->swap, NULL, false);
+		page_counter_init(&memcg->memory, NULL);
+		page_counter_init_protection(&memcg->memory, &memcg->memory_prot,
+					     NULL);
+		page_counter_init(&memcg->swap, NULL);
 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG_V1
-		page_counter_init(&memcg->kmem, NULL, false);
-		page_counter_init(&memcg->tcpmem, NULL, false);
+		page_counter_init(&memcg->kmem, NULL);
+		page_counter_init(&memcg->tcpmem, NULL);
 #endif
 		root_mem_cgroup = memcg;
 		return &memcg->css;

diff --git a/mm/page_counter.c b/mm/page_counter.c
index 450543f4b318..38cb99f5f50e 100644
--- a/mm/page_counter.c
+++ b/mm/page_counter.c

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 
 static bool track_protection(struct page_counter *c)
 {
-	return c->protection_support;
+	return c->prot != NULL;
 }
 
 static void propagate_protected_usage(struct page_counter *c,

-- 
2.43.7

[PATCH 2/3] mm: page_counter: track protection state in page_counter_protection

From: linuszeng <hidden>
Date: 2026-09-09 08:08:53

From: linuszeng <redacted>

Move the read/write side of hierarchical protection from struct
page_counter to struct page_counter_protection: propagate_protected_usage()
updates the protection context of the parent, page_counter_set_min()/low()
and page_counter_calculate_protection() operate on it, and memcg and dmem
accessors (including dmem_cgroup_below_min()/below_low()) read
min/low/emin/elow and children_*_usage from it.

struct page_counter keeps its now-unused protection fields for now; they
are removed in a follow-up commit.

No functional change.
---
 include/linux/memcontrol.h |  8 +++----
 kernel/cgroup/dmem.c       | 12 +++++-----
 mm/memcontrol.c            |  8 +++----
 mm/page_counter.c          | 59 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-----------------
 4 files changed, 52 insertions(+), 35 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/linux/memcontrol.h b/include/linux/memcontrol.h
index ed863f4ed233..44065001a66a 100644
--- a/include/linux/memcontrol.h
+++ b/include/linux/memcontrol.h

@@ -591,8 +591,8 @@ static inline void mem_cgroup_protection(struct mem_cgroup *root,
 	if (root == memcg)
 		return;
 
-	*min = READ_ONCE(memcg->memory.emin);
-	*low = READ_ONCE(memcg->memory.elow);
+	*min = READ_ONCE(memcg->memory_prot.emin);
+	*low = READ_ONCE(memcg->memory_prot.elow);
 }
 
 void mem_cgroup_calculate_protection(struct mem_cgroup *root,

@@ -616,7 +616,7 @@ static inline bool mem_cgroup_below_low(struct mem_cgroup *target,
 	if (mem_cgroup_unprotected(target, memcg))
 		return false;
 
-	return READ_ONCE(memcg->memory.elow) >=
+	return READ_ONCE(memcg->memory_prot.elow) >=
 		page_counter_read(&memcg->memory);
 }

@@ -626,7 +626,7 @@ static inline bool mem_cgroup_below_min(struct mem_cgroup *target,
 	if (mem_cgroup_unprotected(target, memcg))
 		return false;
 
-	return READ_ONCE(memcg->memory.emin) >=
+	return READ_ONCE(memcg->memory_prot.emin) >=
 		page_counter_read(&memcg->memory);
 }

diff --git a/kernel/cgroup/dmem.c b/kernel/cgroup/dmem.c
index e33d807cdea8..10321f1f0330 100644
--- a/kernel/cgroup/dmem.c
+++ b/kernel/cgroup/dmem.c

@@ -212,12 +212,12 @@ set_resource_max(struct dmem_cgroup_pool_state *pool, u64 val, bool nonblock)
 
 static u64 get_resource_low(struct dmem_cgroup_pool_state *pool)
 {
-	return pool ? READ_ONCE(pool->cnt.low) : 0;
+	return pool ? READ_ONCE(pool->cnt.prot->low) : 0;
 }
 
 static u64 get_resource_min(struct dmem_cgroup_pool_state *pool)
 {
-	return pool ? READ_ONCE(pool->cnt.min) : 0;
+	return pool ? READ_ONCE(pool->cnt.prot->min) : 0;
 }
 
 static u64 get_resource_max(struct dmem_cgroup_pool_state *pool)

@@ -388,13 +388,13 @@ bool dmem_cgroup_state_evict_valuable(struct dmem_cgroup_pool_state *limit_pool,
 	dmem_cgroup_calculate_protection(limit_pool, test_pool);
 
 	used = page_counter_read(ctest);
-	min = READ_ONCE(ctest->emin);
+	min = READ_ONCE(ctest->prot->emin);
 
 	if (used <= min)
 		return false;
 
 	if (!ignore_low) {
-		low = READ_ONCE(ctest->elow);
+		low = READ_ONCE(ctest->prot->elow);
 		if (used > low)
 			return true;

@@ -786,7 +786,7 @@ bool dmem_cgroup_below_min(struct dmem_cgroup_pool_state *root,
 	 * here.
 	 */
 	dmem_cgroup_calculate_protection(root, test);
-	return page_counter_read(&test->cnt) <= READ_ONCE(test->cnt.emin);
+	return page_counter_read(&test->cnt) <= READ_ONCE(test->cnt.prot->emin);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(dmem_cgroup_below_min);

@@ -817,7 +817,7 @@ bool dmem_cgroup_below_low(struct dmem_cgroup_pool_state *root,
 	 * here.
 	 */
 	dmem_cgroup_calculate_protection(root, test);
-	return page_counter_read(&test->cnt) <= READ_ONCE(test->cnt.elow);
+	return page_counter_read(&test->cnt) <= READ_ONCE(test->cnt.prot->elow);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(dmem_cgroup_below_low);

diff --git a/mm/memcontrol.c b/mm/memcontrol.c
index ffa1ced3baae..b4c01a0dfd4f 100644
--- a/mm/memcontrol.c
+++ b/mm/memcontrol.c

@@ -4823,7 +4823,7 @@ static ssize_t memory_peak_write(struct kernfs_open_file *of, char *buf,
 static int memory_min_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
 {
 	return seq_puts_memcg_tunable(m,
-		READ_ONCE(mem_cgroup_from_seq(m)->memory.min));
+		READ_ONCE(mem_cgroup_from_seq(m)->memory_prot.min));
 }
 
 static ssize_t memory_min_write(struct kernfs_open_file *of,

@@ -4846,7 +4846,7 @@ static ssize_t memory_min_write(struct kernfs_open_file *of,
 static int memory_low_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
 {
 	return seq_puts_memcg_tunable(m,
-		READ_ONCE(mem_cgroup_from_seq(m)->memory.low));
+		READ_ONCE(mem_cgroup_from_seq(m)->memory_prot.low));
 }
 
 static ssize_t memory_low_write(struct kernfs_open_file *of,

@@ -6271,6 +6271,6 @@ void mem_cgroup_show_protected_memory(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
 		memcg = root_mem_cgroup;
 
 	pr_warn("Memory cgroup min protection %lukB -- low protection %lukB",
-		K(atomic_long_read(&memcg->memory.children_min_usage)),
-		K(atomic_long_read(&memcg->memory.children_low_usage)));
+		K(atomic_long_read(&memcg->memory_prot.children_min_usage)),
+		K(atomic_long_read(&memcg->memory_prot.children_low_usage)));
 }

diff --git a/mm/page_counter.c b/mm/page_counter.c
index 38cb99f5f50e..401201c8e390 100644
--- a/mm/page_counter.c
+++ b/mm/page_counter.c

@@ -21,28 +21,29 @@ static bool track_protection(struct page_counter *c)
 static void propagate_protected_usage(struct page_counter *c,
 				      unsigned long usage)
 {
+	struct page_counter_protection *prot = c->prot;
 	unsigned long protected, old_protected;
 	long delta;
 
-	if (!c->parent)
+	if (!prot || !prot->parent)
 		return;
 
-	protected = min(usage, READ_ONCE(c->min));
-	old_protected = atomic_long_read(&c->min_usage);
+	protected = min(usage, READ_ONCE(prot->min));
+	old_protected = atomic_long_read(&prot->min_usage);
 	if (protected != old_protected) {
-		old_protected = atomic_long_xchg(&c->min_usage, protected);
+		old_protected = atomic_long_xchg(&prot->min_usage, protected);
 		delta = protected - old_protected;
 		if (delta)
-			atomic_long_add(delta, &c->parent->children_min_usage);
+			atomic_long_add(delta, &prot->parent->children_min_usage);
 	}
 
-	protected = min(usage, READ_ONCE(c->low));
-	old_protected = atomic_long_read(&c->low_usage);
+	protected = min(usage, READ_ONCE(prot->low));
+	old_protected = atomic_long_read(&prot->low_usage);
 	if (protected != old_protected) {
-		old_protected = atomic_long_xchg(&c->low_usage, protected);
+		old_protected = atomic_long_xchg(&prot->low_usage, protected);
 		delta = protected - old_protected;
 		if (delta)
-			atomic_long_add(delta, &c->parent->children_low_usage);
+			atomic_long_add(delta, &prot->parent->children_low_usage);
 	}
 }

@@ -257,7 +258,10 @@ void page_counter_set_min(struct page_counter *counter, unsigned long nr_pages)
 {
 	struct page_counter *c;
 
-	WRITE_ONCE(counter->min, nr_pages);
+	if (!counter->prot)
+		return;
+
+	WRITE_ONCE(counter->prot->min, nr_pages);
 
 	for (c = counter; c; c = c->parent)
 		propagate_protected_usage(c, atomic_long_read(&c->usage));

@@ -274,7 +278,10 @@ void page_counter_set_low(struct page_counter *counter, unsigned long nr_pages)
 {
 	struct page_counter *c;
 
-	WRITE_ONCE(counter->low, nr_pages);
+	if (!counter->prot)
+		return;
+
+	WRITE_ONCE(counter->prot->low, nr_pages);
 
 	for (c = counter; c; c = c->parent)
 		propagate_protected_usage(c, atomic_long_read(&c->usage));

@@ -445,9 +452,18 @@ void page_counter_calculate_protection(struct page_counter *root,
 				       struct page_counter *counter,
 				       bool recursive_protection)
 {
+	struct page_counter_protection *prot = counter->prot;
+	struct page_counter_protection *parent_prot;
 	unsigned long usage, parent_usage;
 	struct page_counter *parent = counter->parent;
 
+	/*
+	 * Only counters with protection support (memory, dmem pools) are
+	 * ever passed here, but guard anyway.
+	 */
+	if (!prot)
+		return;
+
 	/*
 	 * Effective values of the reclaim targets are ignored so they
 	 * can be stale. Have a look at mem_cgroup_protection for more

@@ -463,23 +479,24 @@ void page_counter_calculate_protection(struct page_counter *root,
 		return;
 
 	if (parent == root) {
-		counter->emin = READ_ONCE(counter->min);
-		counter->elow = READ_ONCE(counter->low);
+		prot->emin = READ_ONCE(prot->min);
+		prot->elow = READ_ONCE(prot->low);
 		return;
 	}
 
+	parent_prot = parent->prot;
 	parent_usage = page_counter_read(parent);
 
-	WRITE_ONCE(counter->emin, effective_protection(usage, parent_usage,
-			READ_ONCE(counter->min),
-			READ_ONCE(parent->emin),
-			atomic_long_read(&parent->children_min_usage),
+	WRITE_ONCE(prot->emin, effective_protection(usage, parent_usage,
+			READ_ONCE(prot->min),
+			READ_ONCE(parent_prot->emin),
+			atomic_long_read(&parent_prot->children_min_usage),
 			recursive_protection));
 
-	WRITE_ONCE(counter->elow, effective_protection(usage, parent_usage,
-			READ_ONCE(counter->low),
-			READ_ONCE(parent->elow),
-			atomic_long_read(&parent->children_low_usage),
+	WRITE_ONCE(prot->elow, effective_protection(usage, parent_usage,
+			READ_ONCE(prot->low),
+			READ_ONCE(parent_prot->elow),
+			atomic_long_read(&parent_prot->children_low_usage),
 			recursive_protection));
 }
 #endif /* CONFIG_MEMCG || CONFIG_CGROUP_DMEM */

-- 
2.43.7

[PATCH 3/3] mm: page_counter: drop protection fields from struct page_counter

From: linuszeng <hidden>
Date: 2026-09-09 08:08:54

From: linuszeng <redacted>

The protection state now lives in struct page_counter_protection, so
remove the emin/min_usage/children_min_usage, elow/low_usage/
children_low_usage, min, low and protection_support fields from struct
page_counter.

swap/memsw, kmem, tcpmem and hugetlb counters no longer carry this
unused state: on 64-bit the structure shrinks from three cache lines to
two, saving one cache line.
---
 include/linux/page_counter.h | 19 +++----------------
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/linux/page_counter.h b/include/linux/page_counter.h
index b81f16702764..a4dd461523af 100644
--- a/include/linux/page_counter.h
+++ b/include/linux/page_counter.h

@@ -43,27 +43,11 @@ struct page_counter {
 
 	CACHELINE_PADDING(_pad1_);
 
-	/* effective memory.min and memory.min usage tracking */
-	unsigned long emin;
-	atomic_long_t min_usage;
-	atomic_long_t children_min_usage;
-
-	/* effective memory.low and memory.low usage tracking */
-	unsigned long elow;
-	atomic_long_t low_usage;
-	atomic_long_t children_low_usage;
-
 	unsigned long watermark;
 	/* Latest cg2 reset watermark */
 	unsigned long local_watermark;
 
-	/* Keep all the read most fields in a separete cacheline. */
-	CACHELINE_PADDING(_pad2_);
-
-	bool protection_support;
 	bool track_failcnt;
-	unsigned long min;
-	unsigned long low;
 	unsigned long high;
 	unsigned long max;
 	struct page_counter *parent;

@@ -73,6 +57,9 @@ struct page_counter {
 	 * support memory.min/memory.low (swap, memsw, kmem, tcpmem, ...).
 	 */
 	struct page_counter_protection *prot;
+
+	/* Keep all the read most fields in a separete cacheline. */
+	CACHELINE_PADDING(_pad2_);
 } ____cacheline_internodealigned_in_smp;
 
 #if BITS_PER_LONG == 32

-- 
2.43.7

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